Structure:
- Structure is a collection of related data elements of different datatypes.
Syntax: struct tag-name
{
datatype m1;
datatype m2;
-------------------
};
Example:
struct employee
{
char name[20];
int id;
float salary;
};
from this example Struct is a keyword tells the compiler that structure is defined.
Tag-name is name of structure.
m1,m2 are called members of the structure.
Finally there should be semicolon at the end of closing brace.
- Memory is not allocated to members when structure is defined.
Structure Declaration:
- The structures are defined and declared before they are used.
Syntax: Struct tag-name list-of-variables;
Example struct employee e1,e2;
Here structure definition and declaration can be shown as follows:
Struct employee
{
char name[20];
int id;
float salary;
};
Struct employee e1,e2;
Calculating the Size of Structure:
- From the above employee example,The number of bytes allocated for e1 :
20 bytes for name of employee.
2 bytes for id of employee
4 bytes for salary of employee.
--------
Total 26 bytes allocated for e1
- Similarly for e2 26 bytes allocated.
finally the Total memory allocated for employee structure is 52 bytes(26+26).
Structure Initialization:
- Structure initialization can be done by following syntax.
Syntax: struct employee
{
char name[20];
int id;
float salary;
};
struct employee e1={"a",1000,1234};
float salary;
};
struct employee e1={"a",1000,1234};
- The values are assigned to various members in the order specified from first.
How To access structures:
- The members present inside structures can be accessed by variable name followed by . (period)
syntax: variable-name . member
example e1.name
e1.id
program on over view of structures:
You can also refer
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